This foundational course in transactional and commercial law explores basic contract formation and liability under the common law and the Uniform Commercial Code. The course covers mutual assent, consideration, contract interpretation, grounds to avoid a contract, breach of contract, and associated remedies. This course also covers equitable obligations (promissory estoppel and restitution). Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Kansas Legal Research will expand on research skills first explored in Legal Analysis, Research, and Writing (LARW) I and II with the focus on Kansas-specific resources. Topics for the class will include sources for Kansas case law, statutory and regulatory research, secondary sources and practitioner's materials specific to Kansas, Kansas legislative history, and an overview of the research resources from state and local offices relevant to the practicing attorney. This class will include in-class activities with print and electronic resources and guest speakers from the local legal and governmental communities. Prerequisite(s): Legal Analysis, Research, and Writing I and II. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

An analysis of the legal attributes of available business organization forms. Emphasis will be on partnerships, limited liability companies and corporations. The law of agency, as applied to each of these forms will also be emphasized. Rights, duties and liabilities of managers, owners, and agents will be examined. The course also focuses on formation issues, operational powers and fundamental changes in business forms such as dissolution, merger, or acquisition. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course provides an introduction to the subject matter and the practice of agriculture law. As a matter of substantive law, agricultural law consists of two principal areas: general law concepts and subject material (such as contracts, tax, real property) as they are applied to agriculture; and the distinctive (and often exceptional) treatment which agriculture receives under the law. As a matter of practice, a principal goal of the course is to train students to identify agricultural law issues. This course should be viewed as a supplemental course to the subject areas which the law school's curriculum covers elsewhere. This is because agricultural law is often "law by the exception." Special rules often apply to farmers, ranchers and agribusinesses that are uniquely different from the rules that apply to individuals and firms not involved in agriculture. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course teaches students a systematic approach to drafting legal documents associated with various types of transactions. By completing a variety of drafting exercises, students will learn to identify issues, further develop the analytical ability to research and isolate applicable substantive legal principles, and use the substantive law to draft documents designed to accomplish clients' goals. Drafting exercises will be reviewed and critiqued to provide students feedback as they practice identifying relevant legal principles and applying sound drafting techniques used by effective transactional lawyers. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

As Americans increasingly rely on employers to provide post-employment income security (retirement benefits) and other benefits such as health insurance (welfare benefits), employee benefit law remains a central feature of American employment law. This course provides a survey of the specialized employee benefit plans governed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) and the Tax Code. In addition, this course will explore the rules governing coverage, vesting, funding fiduciary standards, claims administration, remedies, and preemption of state law. While there will be some exploration of the tax benefits and consequences of these plans, no prior knowledge of taxation law is assumed or required. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course is a broad examination of insurance law foundational concepts and practical knowledge. This includes reviewing the legal, regulatory, and economic issues that support an analysis of many common insurance coverages, including life, property, auto, and liability (but not health/Affordable Care Act, although this material is available in the text). The course material includes insurance law cases and policy contract language, covering both commercial and personal insurance through descriptive material. Prerequisite(s): Contracts. Graded.

An advanced seminar course that explores the practical aspects of drafting prenuptial contracts, property settlement agreements and child custody arrangements. Prerequisite(s): Family Law. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

The course explores accounting theory and practice. The focus is on what lawyers need to know to engage effectively in a wide range of practice areas including, but not limited to, corporate and securities law, family law, bankruptcy, probate, trust and estate law, real estate law, administrative law and regulated industries. In these fields of practice, as in others, financial information presented in a organized manner is essential for industry and governmental decision making. It is account theory put into practice which provides the rules and rationale for the presentation of this financial information. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

The focus of this course is on the problems incident to the disposition of the estate of a failing or insolvent debtor. It looks at problems relating to execution of judgments, fraudulent conveyances, compositions, assignments for the benefit of creditors, receivership, and problems arising under the Federal Bankruptcy Act. Prerequisite(s): Contracts. Prior completion recommended of Secured Transactions. Graded.

The study of criminal justice problems from conviction through release from confinement or parole. Students will look at sentencing considerations, post-conviction remedies, parole and legal problems related to the confinement of persons in correctional institutions. Graded.

This course will explore the various liability regimes encountered in product liability and privacy. More specifically, the product liability aspect will include an examination of design defects, manufacturing defects, and warnings defects. The privacy aspect will explore the four privacy torts and examine the effect of the first amendment and the associated newsworthiness defense in an era of electronically stored information on the continued viability of the privacy torts. Prerequisite(s): Torts. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This is an advanced litigation skills course. The primary focus is simulated trial experience. Other topics include the use of expert witnesses, innovative demonstrative evidence, the art of oral persuasion and communication science. Sections will be offered with either a criminal law or civil law focus. Prerequisite(s): Evidence and Trial Advocacy. Satisfies skills requirement. Credit/no credit.

A survey of civil wrongs arising from breaches of legally imposed duties. The initial focus is on the intentional torts of assault, battery, false imprisonment, mental distress, conversion and trespass. The focus then turns to exploration of liability for negligently caused physical harm covering areas of general duty of care, breach, cause-in-fact, proximate cause, defenses and special or limited duties of care. There will be limited exploration of strict liability, products liability and protection of economic and dignitary interests such as defamation, malicious prosecution, fraud, and civil rights. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course introduces the numerous subject areas which comprise family law today starting with the often complex federal and state laws and cases on how to define a family. In addition to the traditional topics, such as marriage, parent-child relationships, divorce, property division, maintenance, child custody and child support issues, the course covers premarital, cohabitation and postmarital contracts, paternity, adoption, assisted conception, the role of the lawyer in family law,and alternative dispute resolution. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

An introduction to substantive principles of criminal law. The course examines the elements of crimes at common law and under modern statutes, together with the history and development of the criminal law, including the various theories of criminal responsibility. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Using the ABA Criminal Justice Standards as a framework, this course will examine the specific duties associated with the prosecution and defense of criminal cases. The course will identify and apply Kansas statutes and case law to the unique duties of state prosecutors and criminal defense attorneys; it will emphasize the practical application of "best practices" in real world situations. Prerequisite: Criminal Law. Credit/no credit.

The course examines the concept of property, personal property interests, formation of interests in land, including freehold and non-freehold estates, concurrent ownership, adverse possession, marital interests, landlord and tenant relations, and allocation and development of land resources, including easements, covenants and equitable servitudes. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course focuses on the residential real estate transaction. Stressing the lawyer's role in the real estate transaction, the course examines the numerous federal and state laws which regulate even the most basic land transaction -- the single family residence. Other topics include the duties of broker and lawyer, financing arrangements (including mortgages, trust deeds and installment land contracts), the contract for sale of land, deeds, land descriptions, recording acts, title examination and protection. Prerequisite(s): Contracts and Property. Graded.

Admiralty and maritime law is the complex body of federal statutory and common law governing most aspects of maritime commerce and activity. In the United States admiralty and maritime jurisdiction and the associated admiralty and maritime law relates not only to the sea but extends inland to all rivers, streams, lakes, and other navigable bodies of water. The purpose of this course is to introduce students to the unique jurisdictional issues and substantive elements of federal admiralty and maritime law such that they will be equipped to litigate a multitude of admiralty and maritime issues competently. Prerequisite(s): Civil Procedure I. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

In recent years, the use of expert witnesses has proliferated as both civil and criminal litigation have become more complex and technical. This course introduces students to hiring, deposing, and obtaining trial testimony from an expert in a real case. During class, students will prepare a witness to give a deposition, practice voir dire, and prepare a cross examination of an opposing expert. Students will also learn the applicable FRE, FRCP, and case law. Prerequisite(s): Evidence. Satisfies the skills requirement. Graded.

This course surveys the law of remedies in civil litigation, exploring the most significant alternatives available to civil litigants -- compensatory and punitive damages; equitable relief, including injunctions and specific performance; legal, equitable and specific restitution; rescission; and reformation. The course considers remedies from a problem solving perspective and as a set of choices made by clients and their lawyers. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Some of the most complex contract and property law issues concern the determination of rights and obligations in the oil and gas natural resource. Students will learn the law governing oil and gas ownership, development, marketing, and transfer. This course also studies the "upstream" exploration and production elements of the oil and gas industry to fully appreciate how law can impact an industry, and how an industry can impact the law. Even students who may not have a particular interest in oil and gas law will find this course very useful in further developing their contract and property law skills. This class is a prerequisite for Advanced Oil and Gas Law. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course covers both traditional water law rules and modern water management challenges. It covers Eastern and Western U.S. water law, examining both classic principles and statutory modifications of the riparian rights and prior appropriation doctrines. It also explores public dimensions of water law, the Public Trust Doctrine, environmental quality issues in water management, and government takings relating to water use restrictions and flood damages. In addressing issues from drought to flooding, the course considers the challenges posed by climate change for managing water resources in the 21st Century. Prerequisite(s): Property. Graded.

A survey course in environmental regulation. The primary focus is on the structure and enforcement of major federal anti-pollution schemes such as the Clean Water Act and Clean Air Act. Because these laws are implemented by the Environmental Protection Agency, considerable time is spent understanding basic administrative law, including the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). Statutes regulating solid and hazardous waste, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) are also covered, but students desiring in-depth examination of these acts should consider also enrolling in Hazardous Waste Regulation. Prior Completion Recommended: Administrative Law. Graded.

Examination of issues involved in managing land owned by the federal government, nearly one-third of the nation's land base. The course explores the constitutional and statutory rules that have been layered on top of each other since founding of the country, the problems presented in navigating through the layers and issues of federal/state relations raised by national ownership of land. Covered topics include federal water rights, regulation of mining, grazing and forestry, protection of wildlife and preservation of scenic and wild areas. Prerequisite(s): Administrative Law (recommended). Graded.

An examination of various aspects of constitutional litigation, beginning with the statutory parameters of such actions and including the process of appellate review and Supreme Court decision-making. Students select current topics, decide which topics merit review, and then decide how to resolve the constitutional issues involved. Prerequisite(s): Constitutional Law II (can be taken concurrently). Graded.

In this course, students will learn the planning techniques, ethical and professional considerations, legal issues, tax consequences, and practice considerations associated with trust and estate planning and administration. Subjects include planning and drafting techniques focused on meeting client goals, minimizing federal taxation, maximizing asset protection for clients and the beneficiaries of their estates and trusts, maximizing the availability of governmental resources and minimizing the risk of family disharmony in the administration of trusts and estates. This course will also focus on estate planning for a client's mental disability through "advance directives," including financial powers of attorney, healthcare powers of attorney, living wills, and do not resuscitate directives ("DNRs"). Prerequisite(s): Taxation of Individual Income; Decedents' Estates and Trusts. Graded.

An examination of the role of law and the Constitution in police investigation covering in depth most of the important Fourth and Fifth Amendment limitations on police investigative practices. Case analysis combined with the problem analysis method encourages students to examine important legal issues from various perspectives and viewpoints and recreates the lawyer's experience in analyzing, distinguishing and reconciling legal authorities in the process of advising clients and preparing for litigation in criminal cases. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

A foundational course that introduces upper level students to a variety of non-judicial processes for resolving disputes, with emphasis on negotiation, mediation, and arbitration. The course will explore these and other hybrid dispute resolution processes by analyzing state and federal statutes, emerging case law, court rules, and standards established by the American Bar Association, the American Arbitration Association, and other dispute resolution organizations. Students will compare private alternative dispute resolution systems to traditional adjudication and court annexed systems, and examine ethical problems, societal perspectives, and practical limitations on these alternatives. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

This seminar explores the theoretical, sociological and psychological aspects of current legal issues in family law. Prerequisite(s): Family Law. Satisfies the perspectives requirement. Graded.

A study of the problems presented because of differences in the laws of the several states and jurisdictions. Particular attention is given to acquisition of judicial power over litigants; the methods for choosing the applicable law when a transaction or occurrence has a relationship with two or more jurisdictions, each having different laws; and evolution and policies of conflicts theory, with emphasis on current developments and problems peculiar to a federal nation, including constitutional limitations on the power of a state to apply its law to transactions or occurrences that touch other states. Prerequisite(s): Civil Procedure I and Constitutional Law I. Graded.

In the Litigation Clinic, students learn core lawyering skills by engaging in the practice of law under Kansas Supreme Court Rule 719 with close support from faculty supervisors who are licensed attorneys. After registration, students are assigned to one of three litigation practice areas (based upon student preference and supervisor availability): Family Justice and Immigration Practice, Criminal Defense, and Civil Practice. In the Family Justice and Immigration Practice, students represent low-income parents, children, and victims of abuse in a wide variety of domestic relations, civil, and administrative matters. In Criminal Defense, students represent individuals charged with misdemeanors in Topeka Municipal Court and Shawnee County District Court. In the Civil Practice, students represent low-income clients in a variety of civil matters in state and municipal courts and before administrative agencies. In all practice areas, students have the opportunity to practice a range of skills, including interviewing, client counseling, strategic case planning, legal drafting, negotiating, and trial advocacy. Clinic students meet twice weekly for seminar, which provides background knowledge and skills necessary for success in client representation. Students also have regular supervision meetings and perform casework. Prerequisite(s): 44 hours completed, minimum 2.0 GPA, certification as a Legal Intern and successful completion of, or concurrent enrollment in, Professional Responsibility and Evidence. Completion of the following are recommended: Pretrial Advocacy, Trial Advocacy, and Civil Procedure II. Students are encouraged to talk to Clinic faculty about how their course choices may impact their clinical experience. Because of potential conflicts of interest, students who are working for the Topeka City Attorney, the Shawnee County District Attorney, or clerking for a Shawnee County District Court judge or a Topeka Municipal Court judge, may not concurrently enroll in Law Clinic. Interns must pay a $50.00 fee to the Clerk of the Kansas Supreme Court for their student practice certification. Enrollment in Clinic may be limited as in any other course. Satisfies skills requirement. NOTE: Students enrolled in clinic may elect to take clinic for either a grade or credit/no credit. Students have until the end of the first week of classes to change this election. Students must NOT inform the Law Clinic faculty or staff of their choice.

Once students have completed a semester of Litigation Clinic, they may participate in advanced clinic for one to three hours depending on faculty availability and approval. Students in Advanced Litigation Clinic will further hone their core lawyering skills by engaging in the practice of law under Kansas Supreme Court Rule 719 with close support from faculty supervisors who are licensed attorneys. Prerequisite(s): Clinic: Litigation; faculty approval. Because of potential conflicts of interest, students who are working for the Topeka City Attorney, the Shawnee County District Attorney, or clerking for a Shawnee County District Court judge or a Topeka Municipal Court judge, may not concurrently enroll in Law Clinic. Satisfies skills requirement. Credit/No Credit.

An examination of the broad institutional restrictions on the federal courts in the federal system and the policies aimed at achieving a fair and efficient allocation of judicial power. The course explores the balance of power between the federal courts, the states and the two other branches of federal government. The issues examined in this course will have implications for federal practice in a variety of areas, including civil rights, bankruptcy, environmental, oil and gas, and real estate financing law. Prerequisite(s): Constitutional Law I and Civil Procedure I. Graded.

The class will provide a thorough overview of the rules and doctrines governing civil rights enforcement and litigation. While maintaining an in-depth approach to the substantive legal concepts, the course will ultimately be organized around the ideas most central to bringing, or defending, civil rights claims in court. 42 U.S.C. section 1983 claims, and the procedural issues around them, will be analyzed in-depth but not exclusively. The course will deal with substantive rights but the focus will be on the enforcement mechanisms, and procedural hurdles, used to bring or defend claims regardless of the rights involved. In addition, there will be discussion of civil rights issues in a broader context, including (1) the power and limitation of litigation and the courts generally; (2) the social and historical context in which the covered doctrines developed; and (3) the place of litigation in larger efforts to build movements and change. The coursework will predominantly cover rights and remedies in the context of individual, civil claims as opposed to federal agencies' claims or criminal defenses. Classwork will proceed based on case and text readings as well as model problems. Graded. Prerequisites: None.

Participation as a team member in any major Moot Court competition. To receive credit, each team member must make a substantial contribution toward the team brief and the oral argument and participate as a team member in the competition. No more than one hour credit will be given for any competition. Students who participate (as described above) in more than one competition (including the same competition in different years) may earn one credit for each competition for a total of two credit hours during law school. Prerequisite(s): None. Credit/No Credit.

In-depth legal research and writing. Offered only upon prearrangement with a faculty member to direct the project and then with the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs. Projects for three hours credit will rarely be approved and only for student work that substantially exceeds that required for most projects. See Standards for Directed Research. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Law Journal members chosen to serve as members of the Journal's Editorial Board, and the Editorial Board generally consists of the following: an Editor-in-Chief; an Executive Editor; a Managing Editor; a Senior Articles Editor; a Comments Editor; other specialized editors, and multiple Articles Editors and Notes Editors. Editorial Board Members generally must be present on campus for at least four business days each week, and devote significant time and effort in producing the Washburn Law Journal. Their responsibilities will continue until the book proofs for Issue Three are received, reviewed, and returned to the printer (even if that is after graduation). All Editorial Board Members are required to fulfill all Law Journal Member duties; provided, however, that during the semesters such Members are part of the Editorial Board, the Editorial Board Members will not be required to prepare pieces of scholarly writing. Prerequisite(s): Law Journal Member and selection to serve on the Editorial Board of the Journal. Credit/No Credit.

This course gives students an opportunity to develop a case from the time a client walks into the office with a problem to the final pretrial conference and is designed to provide a bridge to the world of real practice from the realm of legal theory. The class consists of a combination of lecture/demonstrations by faculty and frequent opportunities for student performances, both written and oral, which are critiqued by adjunct professor practitioners in small groups. All aspects of pretrial practice are covered. Each student develops and practices interviewing skills, drafts pleadings, drafts and argues motions, drafts discovery, prepares witnesses for deposition, conducts and defend a deposition, and participates in a final pretrial conference. Prerequisite(s): None. Prior completion recommended of or concurrent enrollment in Professional Responsibility. Satisfies skills requirement. Outstanding (equivalent of A work), credit (equivalent of C work), No Credit.

This course concentrates on the trial phase of a civil and a criminal case. Emphasis is placed on development of skills and techniques for planning and trying a hypothetical case. Each student performs exercises with critiques from the instructor and group discussions and each participates in a full jury trial. This course is offered as either a 13-week full semester course or a one-week summer intersession course. Prerequisite(s): Evidence (or concurrent enrollment). Satisfies skills requirement. Outstanding (equivalent of A work), Credit (equivalent of C work), No Credit.

A study of appellate procedure in Kansas and federal courts. Topics include perfecting the appeal, jurisdiction, preparation of a brief and oral argument, and principles of appellate review. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies the skills requirement. Graded.

This course will focus on applying criminal procedures to two simulated cases. One case will involve a state prosecution, the other will involve a federal prosecution. Students will follow these criminal cases through every step of the pretrial procedure, acting as the attorneys in these cases. Each student will have the chance to handle one case as a prosecutor and one case as a defender. Practical skills taught will range from drafting complaints/informations; conducting bail arguments; presenting cases to a grand jury (for federal cases); conducting preliminary hearings (for state cases); making and responding to discovery demands; drafting and responding to motions to suppress evidence and motions to dismiss; conducting evidentiary suppression hearings; and participating in negotiations and pretrial conferences. Prerequisite(s): Criminal Procedure I. Satisfies skills requirement. Outstanding (equivalent of A work), credit (equivalent of C work), No Credit.

Study of the legal profession and the law governing lawyers, focusing on the ethical rules for professional behavior, the disciplinary system for ethical misconduct, and other legal rules controlling lawyer behavior. The course will also address the importance of cross-cultural competency, the risks of bias, and the influence of racism in the law and legal profession. This course is a prerequisite for Legal Malpractice Seminar, Externship, and Clinic Internship. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Students chosen to become members will assist in the publication of a scholarly journal known as the Washburn Law Journal. Law Journal members have the unique opportunity to learn and practice advanced legal research, writing, and editorial skills and engage in academic and professional development. Students are invited to become members of the Journal based upon superior academic and writing abilities. Law Journal members cite-check, proofread, and edit scholarly articles and prepare these for publication. In addition, each member will research and write at least one piece of scholarly writing of publishable quality during their first year and at least one piece of scholarly writing for the online journal content during their second year on Journal. Students cannot enroll in the summer--only fall and spring. Students can take Law Journal Membership a total of four semesters (1 hour per semester) or two semesters if they are on the Editorial Board instead. Maximum is 4 credit hours. Prerequisite(s): Admission to the Washburn Law Journal. Credit/No Credit.

This two-credit course provides a general introduction to the field of natural resources law. It does so in two ways. First, it surveys the principal property, regulatory, and policy components of natural resources law, broadly construed: land, water, energy, public lands, mining, agriculture, and environmental law. Next, it places these components within several of the most important policy challenges in natural resources law: climate change; commons and common-pool resource problems; the role of the public; environmental justice; and property justice. No previous coursework is required. Prerequisites: None. Graded.

Advanced Natural Resources Law explores legal and policy matters not covered in Oil and Gas, Water Law, Federal Indian Law, and Public Lands Law. These include: the environmental regulation of oil and gas and of water rights; "cross-resource" issues such as the water-energy nexus and water-dependent ecosystems; inter-jurisdictional resources issues (interstate, state-federal, and state-tribal);takings issues in oil and gas development and in water law; and property rights and regulation in renewable energy (hydropower, wind, and solar). Students may opt to take the course for three-hour credit, which requires the completion of a research or readings paper. Doing so satisfies the writing requirement for the Natural Resources Law Certificate as well as the upper-level writing requirement. Prerequisite(s): Oil and Gas Law and Water Law (can be taken concurrently; may be waived by professor). Prior completion recommended: Environmental Law. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

In this course, students will gain an understanding of the legislative process and principles of statutory interpretation. Toward those ends, students will study and apply various tools of statutory interpretation in class exercises and simulations. The knowledge and skill-set developed in this course can apply to virtually all areas of law. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Open to students who prepare for an compete in the ABA Regional Negotiation Competition. In addition to participating in the competition, students must submit a memorandum on one of the problems designed for the competition. Students may earn 1 hour per regional competition, not to exceed 2 hours. Prerequisite(s): None. Credit/No Credit.

This course will provide an introduction to the rules governing international business transactions. It will cover basic U.S. trade rules, and the organization of the World Trade Organization and regional trading arrangements. Topics will include tariffs and non-tariff barriers, responses of domestic producers to import competition, and the resolution of trade disputes. The course will also focus on issues that arise in typical international business transactions, such as the choice between CIP and FOB contracts, the risks of international trade and allocation of risks by contract, and the use of letters of credit. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This course examines procedures before administrative boards and tribunals as well as their powers and duties and the scope and availability of judicial review of their decisions. Prerequisite(s): Constitutional Law I. Graded.

The primary focus of this course is workers' compensation statutes although other selected areas concerning economic protection of employees, such as Social Security Insurance and Unemployment Insurance, may also be included. Prerequisite(s): Torts. Graded.

The course examines the Sherman Antitrust Act and related federal legislation. It includes an examination of the legal restraints on monopolies, unfair competition, price-fixing agreements, and corporate mergers. Prior completion recommended: Business Associations. Graded.

An examination of decisions and statutes relating to the rights of workers to act in combinations; legal aspects of strikes, picketing and related activities; and problems of state-federal law relating to labor disputes. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Compliance is a practice area that many attorneys confront. Attorneys advise clients about how to comply with new laws or regulations, help design programs for clients to implement, and prosecute or defend clients who have failed to stay within the parameters of the law. This class will teach students about compliance from two perspectives. First, it will equip students to deal with the basics of several major compliance practice areas including banking/anti-money laundering, securities/periodic financial disclosure, Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and information security to name just a few. Second, the class will help students think about the policy behind compliance. What role should attorneys play? What role should whistleblowers play? How much prosecutorial discretion is appropriate? Who are the gatekeepers? What are the limits of attorney-client privilege? Who has the final say for the company? How should risk be managed? By discussing both the policy goals and the practical applications, this class will help students engage in compliance work both effectively and responsibly. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This course focuses on the theory and practice of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, which prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, sex, religion, national origin, and color. Sexual harassment law receives considerable attention. Coverage of process and procedure includes examination of the growing use of alternative dispute resolution to resolve discrimination claims. Other statutes such as the Americans with Disabilities Act and the Age Discrimination in Employment Act are studied, but because their basic structure is parallel to Title VII, they require less discussion. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Surveys structure and concepts in sales, use, income, gross receipts, corporate franchise and property taxation. The course also focuses on interstate allocation or apportionment of tax burdens and the constitutional limitations of state taxing power. Prerequisite(s): Taxation of Individual Income (recommended). Graded.

This course introduces students to federal tax law. In the context of federal income taxation, the course focuses on the essential legal skills of reading, understanding, and applying statutes (the Internal Revenue Code) and administrative regulations. The prevalence of tax law makes the course important for every area of legal practice. The course will help students develop essential legal skills and also to spot tax issues that arise in numerous contexts. Students who wish to take additional tax courses should take this course during their second year because it is a prerequisite to most other tax courses. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This seminar examines a broad range of legal and policy challenges posed by artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning and related technologies. Through assigned readings, weekly discussion, and engagement with experts, students are encouraged to think critically and creatively about how existing laws might be adapted to meet the regulatory and policy needs relevant to AI technologies. Coverage will include subject areas ranging from constitutional rights, criminal justice, public administration, education, torts, privacy, national security, energy and environment, healthcare, finance, intellectual property, transportation, and employment. Coverage will also include jurisprudential themes, such as "soft" versus "hard" law, risk-based approaches to regulation, behavioral economics, rule of law, personal autonomy, government legitimacy, and the socio-legal challenges associated with disruptive technological innovation. This course satisfies the perspectives and upper level writing requirements. This course is an elective/option for the following certificate programs: (1) Intellectual Property; and (2) workplace law. No previous coursework is required. A science or technology background is not necessary to take the course. Interest in AI's intrigue and social implications is all that is needed. Prerequisites: None. Graded.

Sports law is not a specific area or type of law, but rather an avenue through which we can explore how various bodies of substantive law are applied in the context of the sports industry. Course will be a broad overview, and will touch on many aspects of law, including contracts, antitrust, torts, IP, and constitutional law, as they relate to sport on the professional, collegiate, ad individual/Olympic level. Prerequisite: None. Graded.

This seminar provides a substantial introduction to Anglo-American legal history, with an emphasis on three inter-related topics: (1) the development of the common law and of natural law theories as competing epistemological systems with political and constitutional consequences during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries; (2) the development of property law and political rights during the nineteenth century, with special attention to American slavery and westward expansion; and (3) the rise of the public (the "public sphere," the public interest, the public trust) as legal and historical concepts with profound consequences in environmental and natural resources law during the twentieth century. Across these topics, the seminar will invite comparisons between the ways in which historians argue about the past and the ways in which legal academics, lawyers, and judges argue about common law precedent, constitutional interpretation, and statutory construction. Central to the seminar is sustained attention to the relationship between what is legal and what is legitimate. Prerequisite(s): Property, Constitutional Law I and II. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

An inquiry into the realm of legal philosophy. Students will analyze fundamental issues and major lines of thought in attempted resolution of those issues. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

A survey of legal and law-related research resources not introduced in the first year Legal Analysis, Research and Writing courses. The course emphasizes computer-assisted, Internet and interdisciplinary sources. Each student selects a legal specialty and prepares a written, selective guide (pathfinder) to the legal and law-related research sources for the chosen specialty. Prerequisite(s): Legal Analysis, Research and Writing I and II. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

Students learn public utility regulation by examining state and federal price and non-price controls on the production, transmission, and sale of natural gas and electricity. Also examined are domestic and international laws designed to promote and regulate various forms of energy, to include oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear, water, wind, solar, and emerging alternatives. Laws designed to promote energy conservation, and to encourage the use of renewable forms of energy, are also studied. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Open to students who have participated in an inter-law-school trial competition. Students who participate as advocates may receive one hour credit for each competition, for a total of two credits during law school. Students who only participate as witnesses may also receive credit, but may not earn more than one hour of credit for being a witness during law school as well as one hour of credit for participating as an advocate, if applicable. To receive any credit, participants must develop a substantial trial notebook for the competition. Prerequisite(s): None. Credit/No Credit.

An introduction to patents, trademarks and copyrights, including creation and protection of rights in intellectual property and enforcement of rights against infringers. Prerequisite: Contracts. Graded.

This is a seminar course that serves as an introduction to international human rights. Starting from an exploration of the theoretical and philosophical foundations of human rights, the course will examine the different treaty regimes and their reporting mechanisms, different regional systems, and different dispute resolution processes that together form the international human rights regime. This will focus on some of the more fundamental substantive rights, such as the right to life, the right to freedom from torture, the right to liberty, the right to equality, freedom of expression, and freedom of conscience. In examining the jurisprudence of various dispute resolution bodies, the course will also examine the different analytical approaches to the adjudication and enforcement of human rights claims. Students will be required to write and to present in class a research paper. Prior completion recommended of Public International Law. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

The Tax Procedure course will provide students with exposure to the representation of clients in tax controversy work and will help students learn when to exercise professional judgment and develop skills critical to the effective practice of law. The skills focused on include interviewing clients, gathering and verifying facts, and preparing documents that would be filed in court or administrative agencies. The course will focus on professional and ethical judgment in tax cases, discuss the development of client relationships, while also increasing the students' persuasive writing, problem solving, legal analysis, and legal research skills. The course will also provide instruction in procedural and substantive law encountered in tax controversies. The students will work through tax collection problems; liens and levies; offers in compromise; innocent spouse claims; claims relating to deductions, exemptions, and credits; collection due process hearings; and appeals conferences. In addition, they may attend and assist with the pro bono calendar call for unrepresented taxpayers in cases before the United States Tax Court and learn about real-world case studies, under the guidance of the Kansas Legal Services Low Income Taxpayer Clinic. Prerequisite(s): Taxation of Individual Income. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

An examination of immigration law, procedure and professional responsibility in its practice. Moral and social implications of immigration policy. Related topics such as the right to communicate in this country in languages other than English, the rights of citizen children of undocumented parents, rights of refugees, amnesty, and employer sanctions. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

The course covers a host of current constitutional issues covered by the Bill of Rights and other Amendments to the U.S. Constitution as local governments (over 90,000 nationwide) regulate the conduct of their citizens and their employees. Topics include, various civil rights related issues, free speech and assembly, openness in government, tort, public contracts, powers and structures of local governments, labor issues, land use and a host of other topics. Most attorneys in private practice or in public employment will either represent or interact as a litigant with local governments. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This seminar will focus on the intricate Eighth Amendment jurisprudence that has developed since the United States Supreme Court's decision in Furman v. Georgia. Some of the main themes will include; recent history of the death penalty and its "constitutionalization; role of aggravating and mitigating evidence in guiding the sentencer's discretion; application to juveniles and mentally retarded; political and social influences and debate; mechanics of trial and appeal; scope of appellate review, right to counsel and habeas corpus controversy; insanity, methods of execution and the role of clemency;and constitutional challenges to arbitrary imposition of the death penalty including race-based claims. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

The broad impact of tax legislation makes tax policy a topic relevant to every individual, business, and governmental entity in this country. This seminar focuses on the purposes presented as support for various tax regimes and specific tax laws. Students study and discuss statutes and regulations, legislative and administrative history, case law, and law review articles about tax policy and write and present a tax policy article. Prerequisite(s): Taxation of Individual Income. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

The areas of study include perception of the legal profession, legal profession trends, small law office survival, products and services, case planning, fee contracts, fee arrangements, common ethical complaints and methods to avoid them, civility in the profession, marketing and promotion of legal services, firm performance evaluation, financial analysis of the firm, strategic planning, modern law office technology, use of law clerks and paralegals, pro bono obligations, and human resource management. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Open to the final four students in the annual intramural client counseling competition who advance to the regional competition. Students interview mock clients, prepare with faculty for competition with other law schools, and write a memorandum on a legal issue raised in the competition. Emphasizes effective communication and counseling in the first interview with a client. Students may earn 1 hour per regional competition, not to exceed 2 hours. Credit/No credit.

A candidate seeking an environmental law certificate may earn up to two hours credit for independent reading supervised by a faculty member. Offered only upon prearrangement with the faculty supervisor and the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs. Prerequisite: None. Credit/No Credit.

Examination of the health care system in the United States with emphasis on the law and policy pertaining to the delivery of health care services on a national basis. Specific areas considered include such matters as access to health care, quality assurance, cost control and other topics of current interest. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Examines Uniform Commercial Code provisions on secured transactions and related areas. The course also explores the application of bankruptcy law to secured transactions and the effects of consumer legislation on secured credit. Prerequisite: None. Graded.

A second course in criminal procedure law covering criminal process after arrest. Coverage spans the pre-trial, trial, and post-trial process, including prosecutorial discretion to charge, pretrial discovery, plea negotiation, grand jury and preliminary hearing screening, jury selection, double jeopardy, severance and joinder of trials, sentencing, and appeal. Prerequisite(s): Criminal Procedure I. Graded.

This course will examine in depth the origins of human ideas about governance culminating in the U.S. Constitution after a historical journey through the experiences of Sumerians, Babylonians, Hebrews, Greeks, Romans, Germans, French and English. It will also examine the charters, laws and constitutions of the English colonies in America, the actions of the continental Congress, the workings of the Articles of Confederation, the adoption and ratification of the Constitution, and the history of the U.S. Supreme Court. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This course focuses on the framework which bears upon Native Americans and Indian reservation transactions. The course explores the Native Americans and the federal government, powers of tribal government,Indian civil rights, Indian lands, water and mineral development, Bureau of Indian Affairs authority, and federal/state conflicts regarding jurisdiction over Indians and Indian affairs. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This course examines the differences in British and American tort law by specifically comparing the doctrines of nuisance, occupier liability, vicarious liability, and wrongful death. Students will explore how policy considerations and social realities have resulted in divergence and/or commonality in the development of the common law in the British Commonwealth and in the United Stats while simultaneously undertaking thorough doctrinal examination of the above topics. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This course addresses itself to the ways that power and values are exercised within the legal system. It examines law as a constraint on political actors that they seek to circumvent when it disserves their preferences. In this course, students will skeptically approach the fundamental assumptions of the legal profession and test them against real-world observation. The purpose of the course is to enable students to advise clients on the ways that the rule of law limits political decision-making and how it does not. The course will address social science criticisms of legal systems, consider the limits of scientific methods to investigate law, investigate the role and rule of law in semi-authoritarian and authoritarian systems, and consider the normative objections raised to the causal theories offered by social scientists. It will consider the relationships between law and politics in courtrooms, administrative agencies, and legislatures. No previous coursework is required. No prior experience or study of politics or social science is necessary; all that is needed is a desire to understand why outsiders are skeptical of law's importance in political decision-making. Graded. Satisfies perspectives requirement.

This course is a seminar that explores how different rights are enshrined, interpreted, and enforced in different constitutional systems. It will be limited to an examination of a few systems, and only a few specific rights. The emphasis will be on comparing the systems of the United States with those of Canada, Japan, and both the E.U. and in some cases certain specific European countries. Some reference will also be made to systems such as South Africa. The analysis will focus on equality rights, freedom of expression, freedom of religion, and security of the person and autonomy. The course will begin with a theoretical exploration of the different understandings of the nature of rights, the role of the judiciary and judicial review in a democracy, and how the limitations on rights and justifications of infringement are, and ought to be, analyzed. Prior completion recommended of Constitutional Law II. Graded.

This class provides a comparative analysis of the legal approach to substantive family aw, exploring issues of the foundations of English and European family law. Among the topics discussed will be the definition of family, regulation of marriage, legal recognition of non-marital relationships, parentage, child custody or parental responsibility, dissolution of relationships and child support. The course will also explore the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and international treaties on adoption, child abduction, protection of children and international enforcement of child support. Prerequisite(s): Family Law. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

An introductory exploration of the application of economic analysis to legal problems. Basic economic principles will be discussed and analyzed in a legal context, but no prior work in economics is necessary. A fundamental goal is to explore and understand the applications as well as the limitations of economic analysis to law. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This course focuses on the adjudicatory dispute resolution process of arbitration. It provides an examination of the legal and practical contexts in which arbitration is used, with specific study of arbitration in the international and securities arenas. The course will consider arbitration systems in international compacts, treaties and conventions and in commercial and labor transactions. This course is designed for advanced law students and may be of particular interest to those with a concentration in business or international law. Prior completion recommended: Alternative Dispute Resolution. Satisfies the skills requirement. Graded.

The oil and gas industry uses a number of unique contractual arrangements to explore for, develop, produce, and market oil and gas. This course goes beyond conveyances and oil and gas leases and examines the law governing farmout agreements, operating agreements, drilling contracts, production sales contracts, pooling agreements, unitization agreements, and agreements for the sale and exchange of producing properties. State oil and gas conservation issues and the law governing oil and gas development on federal public lands are also studied. Students will also study the intricate web of environmental laws that apply to the exploration, development, and production of oil and gas. This course provides students with an opportunity to improve their legal drafting skills through various drafting exercises. Prerequisite(s): Oil and Gas Law. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

In the course, students will learn the law and drafting technique associated with joint operations in the context of oil and gas projects. The course will be guided by the American Association of Professional Landmen (AAPL) model form for joint operation in the U.S. and contrast the U.S. approach to joint operation internationally. The international focus will be guided by the Association of International Petroleum Negotiators (AIPN) model form for international operations. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

This class teaches negotiation theory and its practical application. Negotiating is one of the most important skills used by attorneys. The class will not focus on dispute resolution specific to litigation such as ADR or mediation. Rather negotiations skill is learned by understanding strategy and theory, and students will have the opportunity to experiment through classroom exercises and simulations. The class will encompass a combination of readings, discussion and in-class exercises in which students will conduct negotiations and role play. In-class negotiations will draw from many potential scenarios, including business transactions, international disputes, labor and contract negotiations. Students will be evaluated based on self and peer review, results achieved in the mock negotiations, and a written paper or midterm. Prerequisite: Alternative Dispute Resolution (recommended). Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

This externship immerses students in the practice of law in a rural community. It provides the opportunity to experience living in a rural community and to appreciate the many civic roles fulfilled by lawyers. In addition to working with the designated supervising lawyer, students will interact with a number of judges, lawyers, government officials, business and civic leaders, and social service providers. The goal is to provide students with a thorough understanding of the varied legal issues addressed in a rural law practice and the professional and personal benefits of living and working in a rural community. Prerequisite(s): Completion of one year of academic study. Satisfies 2 hours of skills requirement. Grading is based on Credit/No Credit, and Credit requires a minimum performance of "C" level work.

The course will build on the skills introduced in Legal Analysis, Research, and Writing (LARW) II and allow students to further develop their oral advocacy skills in the context of civil or criminal appellate practice. After the first class session, students will be assigned to take a civil or criminal track for the remainder of the course. Criminal and civil students will then meet separately during the course. The students will learn how to advocate for their client by highlighting their arguments' strengths, learning to distinguish opposing cases, and, importantly, how to present the best argument in fifteen minutes or less. The course will focus on the preparation needed to succeed at oral argument. The course will be taught primarily through practice drills but will also include classroom instruction on organizing the argument, preparing for questions, and researching your opposing party's strongest cases. The course will end with a graded oral argument. Prerequisite(s): LARW II. Satisfies skills and oral requirement. Graded.

This course examines the role of the Supreme Court in the interpretation and enforcement of the Constitution. It also examines the powers of Congress and the Executive Branch, separation of powers, and federalism principles, including the powers of the federal government in relation to the states and federal limits on state power. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

A study of the constitutional provisions guaranteeing individual rights, including the rights of freedom of expression found in the First Amendment and due process and equal protection principles found in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments. Prerequisite(s): Constitutional Law I. Graded.

An in-depth analysis of the litigation process. Topics studied include the rules about pleadings, motion practice, discovery, and other aspects of pre-trial adjudication, such as joinder of claims and joinder of parties. Trial motions and judgments are covered as well. Also examined are the constitutional and statutory bases for subject-matter jurisdiction. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Building on the topics covered in Civil Procedure I, this course examines doctrines about personal jurisdiction and venue; service of process; the availability of appellate review; jury trials; and claim and issue preclusion. Also studies are the relationship between procedural and substantive law and an introduction to the principles of federalism and conflict of law that arise in a system where state and federal courts have concurrent jurisdiction. Prerequisite(s): Civil Procedure I. Graded.

This course will offer students advanced training on the sources, tools, tactics, and strategies commonly used to conduct in-depth, academic research on legal topics. Students will learn effective methods for finding and using legal scholarship in various forms, including journal articles, scholarly monographs, edited collections, amicus briefs, dissertations and theses, think tank materials, white papers, etc. They will become familiar with the life-cycle of legal scholarship and with the roles played by academic blogs, workshops, conferences, and preprint repositories. They will gain an appreciation for the interdisciplinary nature of scholarship and exposure to the research tools used for scholarly work in related disciplines. They will learn to find and make use of empirical research and statistical resources. Finally, students will practice strategies for developing a comprehensive literature review, with particular focus on methods of citation tracing, the application of controlled vocabularies, and the proper use of modern research tools that benefit from algorithms, AI, and machine learning processes. Prerequisite(s): Legal Analysis, Research, and Writing I and II. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

This course studies the financing and distribution of goods from manufacturer to their ultimate consumer. The course will emphasize the financing of sales transactions (Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code). The course additionally will introduce students to the traditional processes for payment of sales-generated obligations (Articles 3, 4, and 5 of the Uniform Commercial Code). The course finally will provide an introduction to the growing world of online sales and provide an introduction to blockchain and the developing "lex digitalis" or commercial law of the internet. Prerequisite(s): Contracts. Graded.

Commercial Leasing is a transactional course that teaches foundational transactional skills related to a commercial leasing legal practice. After reviewing landlord-tenant concepts and learning how these apply in a commercial leasing context, students will spend the remainder of the course engaging in a series of simulated transactions related to commercial leasing. These may include drafting and negotiating shopping center leases and office leases, and examining leases in the context of assignment and sublease, leasehold financing, and lease acceptance or rejection in bankruptcy. As part of these simulations, students will have extensive opportunities to examine and draft transactional documents related to commercial leasing and engage in various role-play exercises designed to teach relevant lawyering skills. Prerequisite(s): Property and Contracts. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

Housing Law explores three broad and important areas of modern real estate, government, and finance law while raising important societal questions about racial and income fairness. The three doctrinal areas covered in the course include (1) the regulatory structure of residential landlord-tenant issues, including an in-depth look at state regulation and federal fair housing law, (2) laws impacting the creation and operation of common interest communities (the nation's most rapidly growing form of home ownership), and (3) the structure and regulation of the secondary mortgage market -- that vast and complicated part of capital markets that sparked the 2008 global destabilization and economic crisis. Students will also dig deeply into broader social and moral issues underlying and impacting housing law, including issues about de facto segregation, housing affordability, the role of government regulation in economic stability, and inequitable neighborhood and residential realities in America. This course will also provide students with transactional drafting opportunities. Prerequisite(s): Property and Contracts. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This is a course on agricultural income taxation. The basics of income taxation as applied to agriculture will be examined and then the basic concepts will be applied to specific tax situations unique to farm and ranch clients. The emphasis will be on tax issues that are common to many agricultural clients and their businesses and how best to resolve those issues favorably for these clients by applying the tax rules and regulations unique to their actual situations. The course breaks out into 1) the reporting of farm income items; 2) deductions from income or farm taxpayers; 3) unique farm-related deduction items; 4) farm tax loss issues; 5) farm income tax reduction strategies; and 6) capital gain and medicare surtax issues for farmers. Prerequisite(s): Taxation of Individual Income. Graded.

Introduction to fundamental legal thought and the art of lawyering, including legal process, legal reasoning, case analysis and synthesis, statutory construction, introduction to legal research, and objective legal writing, with a focus on office memoranda. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Further development of legal analysis and research skills and an introduction to legal advocacy through persuasive legal writing, such as trial and appellate briefs, and oral argument. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course examines the art and science of jury selection through a study of the law and courtroom procedures pertaining to voir dire. The skills associated with jury selection will be taught, demonstrated, and practiced by having each student pick a jury for trial of a selected case scenario. General and specific questions on voir dire will be conducted by students acting as counsel and presided over by a judge. Student performance will be critiqued and the final grade will be assigned based on class participation and a final examination. Prerequisite(s): Trial Advocacy/ITAP. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

Students work at a federal or state workplace law related agency or in another appropriate placement addressing primarily workplace law issues. Placement in certain positions may be competitive. All externships require certification of a minimum amount of student time on qualifying externship activities, regular attendance and participation in the classroom component of the course (to be held currently with the general Externship I class), satisfactory evaluations from the sponsor, and completion of all written work and evaluations. Prerequisite(s): Employment Law. Credit/No Credit.

As lawyers advance in their careers, they often find themselves in leadership roles with responsibilities beyond traditional legal work. The numbers also bear out that Washburn Law graduates find themselves as leaders in private practice, government positions, and in the corporate world. Therefore, the concepts surrounding the topic of leadership are issues all law students could benefit from giving further examination. This class intends to provide a thorough introduction to leadership topics encountered in any setting but with a focus on how the legal world handles these many layered issues. For this two-credit class, we will focus on topics including motivating employees, generational differences in the law firm, dealing with conflict, diversity, working in teams, and making a difference in the legal profession. This class will rely heavily on case studies to discuss relevant topics, along with background readings and gust speakers, to cover the concept of leadership. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

Students focus on an area of special interest by engaging in supervised research and writing to complete a project that expands their knowledge of workplace law. Students must propose a project for review and approval by the faculty supervisor and the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

The course includes a detailed look at the current system for the child in need of care and look at balancing the interests of parents, child and state. The topics will cover foster care; the Adoption and Sales Families Act; working with children in the legal system; defining abuse and neglect; reintegration of families; guardianship; access to medical treatment and mental health care; disability issues, access to special and regular education services; balancing the interests of children and their parents; the role of the guardian ad litem. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course will cover all aspects of adoption law -- consents of parents; termination of rights; Indian Child Welfare Act; transracial and transcultural adoptions; the Hague Convention on Intercountry Cooperation in Respect to Adoption, access to information; the effects of adoption; and actions for wrongful adoption. Prerequisite(s): Family Law (recommended prior or concurrent enrollment). Graded.

This course addresses financial issues associated with divorce including the identification, valuation, and division of property. Students will learn how to work with appraisers to value physical assets and complex intangible assets such as pensions, stock options, closely-held corporations, and businesses. The drafting, administration, and effect of pre-marital agreements will be addressed along with the taxation and planning aspects of divorce. Prerequisite(s): Family Law. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

The Transactional Law Meet Competition requires a team of students to research, analyze, draft, and negotiate complex issues of business and transactional law and then engage in a competition with similar student teams from other schools (the transactional equivalent of a moot court). Preference will be given to students who are pursuing the Business and Transactional Law Certificate and satisfies the Experiential Requirement for that certificate. Prerequisite(s): Instructor Approval (limited enrollment). Satisfies oral and writing requirement. Credit/No Credit.

The course includes recognizing the signs of abuse; the cycle of violence; readings on domestic violence, representing the victim of domestic violence, advising a victim in divorce; effects of domestic violence on children; "battered women's syndrome" in criminal cases; working with other professionals and representing the abuser. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This seminar course will provide an introduction of the law and policy responses to the climate-change crisis, and examine the significant challenges to developing legal regimes and employing law and policy methods for purposes of adequately addressing the crisis. The course will examine the complex nature of the climate change crisis, study the development and current operation of the international climate change law regime, consider some of the different law and policy approaches adopted by different countries, discuss the technical, ethical, and legal issues that confront the search for common solutions, and explore the significant challenges that must be overcome in order to develop a successful global response to the crisis. Prior completion recommended of Public International Law. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

The course will concentrate on legal tax compliance for individual taxpayers, and will encompass work with clients from the Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) program to put these legal rules into practice. VITA Site Coordinators and Directors would be eligible for this course, with professor permission, and will be able to choose 1 or 2 credit hours. The students in this course will be expected to develop a tax compliance training program, and administer it to the VITA program volunteers. Prerequisite(s): Permission of professor. Satisfies skills requirement. Credit/No Credit.

Lawyering Competencies I provides the educational framework for students enrolled in Third Year Anywhere. This is not a self-paced class. Throughout the class, students will have readings and/or videos and discussion assignments. In addition to discussion topics, students will also submit weekly journals to the faculty supervisor. Journals will allow students to reflect on what they are learning in the placement and to share information with faculty in a more private setting. This course will help students build competencies identified as important by legal employers while allowing students to undertake reflective learning. Specific competencies covered in this class include, but are not limited to the following areas: Reflective and Ethical Lawyering; Financial Literacy for Lawyers; Research, Writing, and Oral Advocacy; Organizing and Managing One's Own Work; Stress and Time Management; Cultural Consciousness and Anti-Racism; Collaboration. Depending on the field placement location, students may acquire competencies in areas such as Lawyering in Rural Locations or International Lawyering. Prerequisite(s): Eligibility for enrollment in Third Year Anywhere. Credit/No Credit.

Lawyering Competencies II is the second semester of Lawyering Competencies I which provides the educational framework for students enrolled in Third Year Anywhere. This is not a self-paced class. Throughout the class students will have readings and/or videos and discussion assignments. In addition to discussion topics, students will also submit weekly journals to the faculty supervisor. Journals will allow students to reflect on what they are learning in the placement and to share information with faculty in a more private setting. This course will help students build competencies identified as important by legal employers while allowing students to undertake reflective learning. Depending on the field placement location, students may acquire competencies in areas such as Lawyering in Rural Locations or International Lawyering. Specific competencies covered in this class will include topics not covered in the Lawyering Competencies I course in the fall/first semester and may include, but not be limited, to the following areas: 1) Legal Advertising in Different Markets; 2) Challenges of Legal Representation on a Client's Budget; 3) The Business of Running a Law Office; 4) Professional identity and Reputation; 5) Ethical Issues in the Real World - Conflicts and Access to Justice; 6) Referrals and Collaborating with Other Lawyers and Mentors; 7) Battling Burnout - Mental Health for Lawyers. Prerequisite(s): Eligibility for enrollment in Third Year Anywhere. Credit/No Credit.

This course focuses on federal statutory protections for trademarks and related source indicators. It covers substantive requirements and procedures for obtaining trademark protection from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, the scope of protection once granted, standards for infringement and dilution, limitations and exceptions to protections, and appropriate remedies. The course also covers related federal and state doctrines such as unfair competition, anti-cybersquatting protections, issues related to domain name registration. At the discretion of the professor, the course may touch on the intersection of trademark rights with other legal frameworks such as privacy law, advertising law, constitutional law, and international law. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course is designed to supplement the first-year curriculum by strengthening legal writing, analysis, and critical thinking skills. Students will learn to apply principles of logical analysis, plain English, and proper planning, organization,and drafting by preparing legal documents commonly assigned to new law firm associates. Students will be expected to develop a portfolio of graded writing assignments for a variety of audiences, including but not limited to client letters, dispositive motions, proposed jury instructions, and judicial opinions. The focus of the course is the enhancement of analytical writing skills for law practice. Prerequisite(s): Legal Analysis, Research and Writing I and II. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

This course explores the concept of race and civil rights issues from a multiracial perspective and examines anti-discrimination laws in such areas as interracial marriage, public accommodations, housing, education, employment and voting. Major institutions studied include courts and legislatures at both the state and federal levels, with particular emphasis placed on the role of these institutions in the preclusion and allowance of political, social and economic opportunities for racial and ethnic minorities. Prerequisite(s): Constitutional Law II (or concurrent enrollment. Satisfies perspectives and writing requirement. Graded.

In this course students write and file two appellate briefs on behalf of Kansas Appellate Defender Office clients, under the supervision of a KADO attorney. Students who qualify as legal interns under Kansas Supreme Court Rule 719 may sign the briefs, although such certification is not a prerequisite for the course. The course includes a seminar consisting of lectures and exercises dealing with a variety of aspects of criminal appellate defense. Prerequisite(s): Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure I, Evidence, and Professional Responsibility. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

Once students have successfully completed Criminal Appeal Advocacy, they may participate in a directed internship of one-to-two hours depending on faculty availability and approval. Topics may include briefs, oral argument, or other assignments involving criminal appellate advocacy. Prerequisite(s): Criminal Appeal Advocacy. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

Students will acquire advanced cross examination skills through short lectures, readings, use of audio-visual materials, self-reflective study, and skills practice in small group workshops. The course will focus on making the case to the fact finder through the witness on cross, techniques for controlling the adverse or hostile witness, mastery of impeachment techniques, and integrating the examination effectively into the case theory. Topics will include: use of courtroom technology in cross examination, use of deposition and reports to impeach, get help,and discredit, confronting the difficult witness, law enforcement witnesses, and other kinds of witnesses. Prerequisite(s): Evidence and Trial Advocacy (or ITAP). Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

This is a course in effective questioning strategies and techniques in deposition practice. Students will gain hands-on skills experience in taking and defending depositions. Topics to be covered include deposition strategy, preparation of the deponent, dealing with the difficult lawyer opponent, using exhibits during the deposition, furthering the case theory in depositions, and gaining the maximum of helpful information from the witness, including admissions. Students will attend classroom sessions, practice their skills in small workshop groups and review videotapes of their performances. Prerequisite(s): Evidence and Trial Advocacy (or ITAP). Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

In the Transactional Clinic, students learn core lawyering skills by engaging in the practice of law under Kansas Supreme Court Rule 719 with close support from a faculty supervisor who is a Kansas licensed attorney. During the semester students engage in entity representation of nonprofit organizations and small businesses. Students have the opportunity to practice a range of skills, including interviewing, client counseling, strategic case planning, meeting planning, legal and business drafting, negotiating, web conferencing, public speaking, time-keeping/management, and leading with mindfulness. Students also perform presentations for community partners. Each semester students give a Legal Issues for Your Small Business presentation for clients of the regional Small Business Development Center and a Nonprofit Governance CLE for the Kansas Bar Association. Clinic students meet twice weekly for seminar, which provides background knowledge and skills necessary for success in client representation. Students also have regular supervision meetings and perform casework. Prerequisite(s): 44 hours completed, minimum 2.0 GPA, certification as a Legal Intern and successful completion of, or concurrent enrollment in, Professional Responsibility and Business Associations. Completion of the following are recommended: Transactional Drafting, Law and Accounting, Taxation of Individual Income. Because of potential conflicts of interest, students who are working for the Topeka City Attorney, the Shawnee County District Attorney, or clerking for a Shawnee County District Court judge or a Topeka Municipal Court judge, may not concurrently enroll in Law Clinic. Interns must pay a $50.00 fee to the Clerk of the Kansas Supreme Court for their student practice certification. Enrollment in Clinic may be limited as in any other course. Satisfies skills requirement. NOTE: Students enrolled in clinic may elect to take clinic for either a grade or credit/no credit. Students have until the end of the first week of classes to change this election. Students must NOT inform the Law Clinic faculty or staff of their choice.

Once students have completed the transactional clinic internship, they may participate in a directed internship of one to three hours depending on faculty availability and approval. Directed interns will engage in the practice of transaction law. Prerequisite(s): Clinic Internship/Transaction or Clinic Internship/Litigation. Because of potential conflicts of interest, students who are working for the Topeka City Attorney, the Shawnee County District Attorney, or clerking for a Shawnee County District Court judge or a Topeka Municipal Court judge, may not concurrently enroll in Law Clinic. Satisfies skills requirement. Credit/No Credit.

This is a skills course designed to teach students planning, case analysis, and strategy skills in the preparation of a complex case. Students will follow a complex civil or criminal case through initial interview and pretrial stages and conclude with jury selection and opening and closing arguments. Students will develop case budgets, find expert witnesses and consultants, and prepare for depositions and trial testimony. Throughout the course students will be required to think and act like lawyers as they plan, organize, and prepare their case for trial. Students will work on a simulation of an actual case that one of the faculty members' law firms took to trial; students will develop the case for trial under the guidance of a practicing attorney familiar with the case who will serve as a co-instructor of the course. Prerequisite(s): Evidence and Trial Advocacy. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

Lawyers who represent children in any type of custody proceeding, child in need of care, divorce, paternity or adoption, face special challenges. The course will include: interviewing children; understanding capacity issues; the roles and ethical obligations of the child's attorney, best interests attorney and other representatives for the child in litigation; the roles of other professionals - mental health professionals, custody evaluations; role of the child's lawyer in alternative dispute resolution; and cultural sensitivity. There will also be an advocacy component. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies skills requirement. Credit/No Credit.

This course will introduce students to a practice-oriented approach to interviewing and counseling. It will enable students to develop the skills involved in investigating facts and interviewing and counseling clients. Class work will include demonstration, critique, discussion, and practical exercises. Students will also investigate doctrinal, procedural, and evidentiary issues in order to discharge effectively their role in each step of the process. Course topics will explore: (1) how to recognize legal and non-legal dimensions of a client's problems; 2) how to develop fundamental skills, including effective listening and questioning; 3) how to gather information; and 4) how to understand the decision-making process and help clients make appropriate decisions. Students will also explore ethical considerations in interviewing and counseling. There will be a final project instead of an exam. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

This course addresses: (1) the law governing transfers of property at death, including intestate succession, wills and will substitutes, and the administration of estates; and (2) the laws governing the creation, administration, and interpretation of trusts. Prerequisite(s): Property. Graded.

Federal and state laws touch the employment relationship from the moment an applicant enters a prospective employer's workplace until the relationship terminates. This course will introduce students to selected topics in employment law with a focus on common law and the federal statutory laws that modify the traditional employment relationship. Topics may include wrongful termination, the Fair Labor Standards Act, prevailing wage laws, and OSHA standards. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course focuses on the patent component of intellectual property and includes instruction on determining patent eligibility, utility, novelty, nonobviousness and the role of prior art. It also includes instruction on patent drafting, prosecution, post-grant protection, infringement, and remedies. International patent issues will also be addressed. Prerequisite(s): Intellectual Property (or concurrent enrollment). Graded.

This fully online, asynchronous course explores international human rights through the example of Indigenous peoples, with particular focus on land rights, cultural rights, and the extractive industries. Among other outcomes, students will learn to (1 describe the United Nations and regional human rights systems; (2) discuss how international human rights standards influence domestic law and policy; (3) describe the unique human rights challenges facing minority populations whose cultures are inextricable from their ancestral lands and resources; (4) select and apply international law to realistic human rights problems; and (5) critically discuss colonization and other social and historical context affecting Indigenous peoples' rights. Students who opt to complete the upper-level writing requirement will complete a seminar paper with revisions based on professor feedback. Those who seek the upper-level oral requirement will complete an individual presentation. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

Specialized Legal Research: Business and Tax will provide students with an introduction to business and tax related materials and advanced training on the finding and utilization of these materials for legal research purposes. Topics covered during the business section of the course will include business forms, business filings, company information and SEC research, along with options for finding primary law and secondary sources for business related issues. For tax, the course will also focus on resources and best practices for finding primary law and secondary sources in the tax field, with an emphasis on specialized databases geared toward the tax practitioner. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

The School of Law has created opportunities for students to obtain a meaningfujl educational experience outside of the classroom through externships with federal courts, state courts, government agencies, and other governmental and non-governmental organizations. During each enrollment period students will receive a list of the available externships and the specific requirements the student must be willing to meet to be considered for a particular externship. Some externship opportunities may require the student to apply for an available position, and be selected. Although the specific requirements for credit can vary among externship opportunities, all externships require certification of a minimum amount of student time on qualifying externship activities, regular attendance and participation in the classroom component of the course, satisfactory evaluations from the sponsor, and completion of all written work and evaluations. Grading is based on Credit/No Credit, and Credit requires a minimum performance of "C" level (2.0) work. Prerequisite(s): A student may not participate before completion of at least one academic year of study. If required by the sponsor or the work expected of the student extern, certification as a Legal Intern under the Kansas Supreme Court Student Practice Rule must be obtained. Additionally, some placements may have other requirements. See Externship Program for more information.

This course allows a student, who has completed Externship I for 2 credits, to do one more Externship course with a different sponsor. The same conditions, guidelines, and grading policy for Externship I apply, except that Externship II does not require participation in a classroom component. See Externship Program for more information. Prerequisite(s): Completion of Externship I. If required by the sponsor or the work expected of the student extern, certification as a Legal Intern under the Kansas Supreme Court Student Practice Rule must be obtained. Additionally, some placements may have other requirements. Credit/No Credit.

This class will provide a hands-on survey of selected software, technologies and skills utilized in legal practice. The course will expose students to practical suggestions associated with selecting and using specific application as well as relevant legal and ethical issues. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

This course is an examination of the rules that regulate the legal profession including the ABA Model Rules of Professional Conduct, the ABA Model Code of Judicial Conduct, the California Rules of Professional Conduct, relevant sections of the California Business and Professions Code, and leading caselaw, both federal and state, on the subject. This course will allow students to gain a thorough understanding of the topics covered on the Multistate Professional Responsibility Examination, and the California Bar Examination, including lawyer advertising, solicitation of clients, specialization, conflicts of interest, competence, legal malpractice, fees, confidentiality, and obligations to clients, the court, and society. Students will apply applicable ethics rules to identify and resolve ethical problems within the practice of law. Prerequisite(s): Enrollment in the LL.M. program. Graded.

This course will cover the law of armed conflict (also commonly referred to as international humanitarian law, or jus in bello), which is the international law regime that governs the conduct of armed forces in the course of hostilities. The course will run from an examination of the development of the underlying principles and rationales, through to the decisions of modern war crimes tribunals, and is aimed at providing a solid understanding of the legal regime. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This course will cover the nature, foundations, and sources of international law, explain the relations between international law and domestic law, explore the role of states, organizations, individuals, and corporations in international law, examine treaties and survey basic human rights instruments. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This course will introduce students to foreign and international legal research and sources of law. The course will focus on the development of research strategy and the "how-to" of conducting such research: identifying sources, finding tools, and following through by actually finding information. Prerequisite(s): Legal Analysis, Research & Writing I and II. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

Collaborative Law offers lawyers and clients a new form of alternative dispute resolution. The parties and their respective lawyers agree to negotiate and resolve the issues without resorting to litigation. The lawyers' role is to help the parties settle. The tools used for adversarial litigation are replaced with disclosure requirements. This course will train lawyers in collaborative dispute resolution. Prerequisite(s): Family Law. Prior completion recommended of Mediation and Negotiation. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

This course examines family issues of the elderly including divorce, abuse and neglect, grandparent issues, advance directives, Medicare and Medicaid, Social Security and retirement and ethical issues unique to elder law. Prerequisite(s): First-year courses. Graded.

This course will examine the interaction between gender and law in the United States, with a focus on how the law affects and reflects societal constructs of gender and sexuality. The course will explore legal issues such as governmental regulation of sex and gender in the context of reproductive rights, employment, family,and educational institutions. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspective requirement. Graded.

This course examines the statutes, doctrinal developments, social and economic issues that are essential features of white collar crime. The course will venture well beyond the first-year Criminal Law survey course, while extending principles of conspiracy, theft, and mens rea concepts permitting derivative criminal liability. Topics include the jurisprudence of white collar crime, criminal liability of corporations and corporate executives, mail and wire fraud, tax and securities fraud, false claims against the government, money laundering and asset forfeiture. Throughout the course, students will be challenged to consider how the information learned in the course could be applied to better represent clients and to consider alternative approaches with potential to yield favorable outcomes that advance client interests and address the policies underlying criminal liability. Prerequisite(s): Recommended completion of Criminal Procedure (or concurrent enrollment). Graded.

This course will be devoted to an in-depth analysis of the transactions involved in the purchase of a business entity. Students will examine the documents, legal issues, and business concerns involved in the purchase of a business, beginning with the execution of a letter of intent and ending with the closing checklist. Students will work with actual sale and financing documents from such transactions, with a particular focus on the perspectives of the buyers. Prerequisite(s): Business Associations preferred (but not required). Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

This course builds upon first year Property and Contracts classes and completes the coverage of real property law, covering doctrinal topics foundational to the understanding of legal rights, interests, and transactions in real estate. The course will cover the law of real property contracts -- both purchase and sale agreements and mortgage loans -- as well as the US real estate title assurance system. In the two-credit version, the course will offer more detail about the development and modern variations within the US land title and mortgage systems. A student may not take both this course and Real Estate Transactions. Prerequisites: Property and Contracts (1L courses). Graded.

This course covers the tax consequences of forming, operating, and liquidating business enterprises. It will illustrate the effect tax law has on business and economic decisions, such as choice of legal entity, forms of compensation, and modes of distributing assets to enterprise owners. The course is essential for any person who will do transactional work in practice. Prerequisite(s): Taxation of individual Income. Graded.

U.S. lawyers increasingly find themselves representing clients in matters involving tribal courts, governments, lands, and citizens. This course will introduce students to the internal law and governance systems of the approximately 566 sovereign Indigenous nations located within the borders of the United States. Students will explore a rich variety of constitutional, executive, legislative, and judicial models. The class will also study various Indigenous North American approaches to substantive areas such as juvenile justice, environmental regulation, criminal sentencing, and so on. This course will provide critical knowledge to future practitioners in many fields, such as energy law, family law, and commercial litigation and transactions. It will also broaden skills in reading foreign law, navigating our complex federal legal system, understanding the legal challenges faced by developing nations, and gaining literacy in multi-cultural legal perspectives. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This course provides a bridge between the writing instruction of the first year and the writing demands of the upper-level writing requirement, clinic participation, and competition teams by curating and supervising multiple closed-universe practice problems. The class will give students numerous opportunities to practice both objective and persuasive forms of legal analysis across both foundational and niche law doctrines for the benefit of different audience types through the use of Multistate Performance Tests. Enrollment by approval of instructor; preference will be given to rising 2Ls. Prerequisites: LARW I and LARW II. Satisfies the skills requirement. Graded.

In this course, we will consider the shape and scope of electoral law in the United States, and how it affects our body politic. We will pay close attention to how our laws have granted and restricted the free exercise of "the franchise" by Americans, including but not limited to: voter enfranchisement, the mechanics of the electoral process, legislative districting, legislating through ballot initiatives, arid the financing of political campaigns. Prerequisite(s): None. Grades.

This course provides students with an introduction to the framework for global harmonization of laws governing intellectual property rights (IPR). A brief overview of relevant legal concepts in both international law and intellectual property law leads to exploration of the roles of the World Trade Organization, the World Intellectual Property Organization and other international organizations in regulating both policy and enforcement in intellectual property protection. Students also discuss the roles of IPR across cultures, including how societal, cultural and historical factors influence attitudes toward IPR protection. The course will distill the disparate views regarding the role of IPR protection in economic development, international politics and relations and important distributive issues involving health care, education and technological innovation. Suggested prerequisites: Intellectual Property or international course. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This course covers in greater depth various legislative and administrative research topics introduced in the first-year LARW classes. Students will thoroughly examine federal legislative and regulatory processes and master strategies for finding and using various legal and interpretive materials produced by Congress, the President and government agencies. The course addresses traditional and electronic research methods, techniques for tracking contemporary activity, and the use of FOIA requests and similar mechanisms for obtaining otherwise inaccessible information. As a final project, students will compile an extensive report documenting a federal agency's statutory authority and regulatory activity. Prerequisite(s): Legal Analysis, Research and Writing I and II. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

Nonprofit organizations play a vital role in the social development and economic stability of American society. This intersession course will provide a foundation to understanding nonprofit organizations by examining state and federal laws generally applicable to nonprofit organizations. Topics include state formation of not-for-profit corporations; federal laws governing tax-exempt nonprofit organizations; nonprofit governance models; fiduciary duties of board of directors; state and federal prohibitions and limitations for nonprofits; ethical considerations, and best practices. This course will also address the practical aspects of representing and advising nonprofit organizations. As many nonprofits are resource poor, attorneys are often asked to represent nonprofits on a pro bono basis. Unfortunately, many attorneys are unprepared to offer competent representation. This course will provide a basic foundation for the legal knowledge, skill, and preparation reasonably necessary for such representation. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course will explore key law and legal concepts applicable to American Institutions of higher education. Among other issues, the course will focus on how to weigh and balance the sometimes competing rights and responsibilities of institutions, faculty, staff, and students. For example, the course will explore: the potential clash between the academic freedom rights of faculty and the rights of students to be free from racial and sexual harassment; Title IX and women's sports; affirmative action in admissions, financial aid, and faculty hiring; and the intellectual property rights of faculty, staff, and students. Students will also have the opportunity to consider the role of "in house" counsel. The course will also aim to use legal issues as a catalyst for a broader discussion regarding the role and meaning of higher education in today's society. Prerequisite: None. Graded.

This course teaches the law and technique associated with examining title to oil, gas, and other mineral properties. The faculty for this course will include practicing oil and gas lawyers with specific expertise in title examination. In addition to addressing issues associated with examination of titles for private lands, the course will also examine the unique issues encountered when examining title to minerals on federal, state, and Indian lands. Prerequisite(s): Property. Satisfies skills requirement. Credit/No credit.

This course provides students with an introduction to copyright law in the United States, focusing on the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976. The course covers basic concepts such as subject matter, authorship, duration and formalities and introduces students to the exclusive rights conferred by U.S. copyright law: the right to authorize reproduction, preparation of derivative works, distribution, public performance, display and transmission. The class addresses infringement of these exclusive rights, including the increasing importance of concepts of secondary liability in this context, as well as fair use and other limitations to the enumerated rights. Class discussions incorporate the impact of the Internet on both the delineation and enforcement of exclusive rights and the effects of recent technological and legal developments on specific copyright-reliant industries. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course focuses on "hot topics" in intellectual property (IP) law, tackling timely IP issues such as the challenges of online copyright enforcement in the Internet age, the patentability of living organisms and genes, and the interactions between trademark law and the ever-expanding Internet domain name system. The course affords opportunities for in-depth discussion about issues that are covered only briefly in the introductory IP course. Students explore specialized topics with the goal of understanding how shifting theoretical and philosophical perspectives on IP impact current debates in the field, and have the opportunity to expound upon particular subjects of interest through completion of a seminar paper and accompanying presentation. Prerequisite(s): Introduction to Intellectual Property Law. Satisfies perspective requirement. Graded.

This course provides an in-depth study of the law governing public employment, including union representation and collective bargaining in the public sector. The primary concentration will be on the law governing state and local government employees, with some limited study of the federal sector. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course provides students with the practical skills needed to succeed as patent attorneys. Students will learn how to draft claims, prepare a written patent description, and respond to Office actions (communications from examiners at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office). Students also will complete short drafting assignments designed to help prepare them for the patent bar exam. While the course is not a comprehensive patent bar preparation course, it will help students prepare for a portion of the patent bar testing the Manual of Patent Examining Procedure. The course will also cover cases illustrating application of patent concepts patent lawyers frequently encounter during patent prosecution, such as patent-eligible subject-matter, novelty, non-obvious subject matter, and content of a patent application. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This intersession course begins to bridge the gap between first-year legal writing and experiential learning opportunities such as summer internships and externships. It simulates a new associate's law office environment with daily meetings and research and writing assignments. Students will work on campus during standard business hours, starting the day with a case rounds meeting, discussing the morning's research during a lunch meeting, and reporting to the supervising attorney at the end of the day to discuss conclusions and review finished work product. By week's end, students will have a portfolio of short written assignments. The course strengthens research skills, provides feedback on analysis and writing, introduces new forms of work product, and raises some professional and ethical challenges that come with producing legal work product under timed conditions. Students will also have opportunities to discuss professional etiquette, workplace expectations, and many of the other "unwritten rules" of daily practice. Prerequisite(s): Legal Analysis, Research and Writing I. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

This course presents opportunities to develop and apply critical reading, thinking, and writing skills to maximize student performance on the bar exam. The course utilizes released or simulated bar exam content to familiarize students with the tasks of issue spotting and the general legal analysis required for the multistate performance tests and multistate essay exams. The course will present techniques for answering multiple-choice questions and strategies for analyzing, organizing, and writing responses to essay questions. This course does not replace a commercial bar preparation course. Prerequisite(s): Student must be in last year of law school. Credit/No Credit.

The focus of this course is to strengthen students' legal writing, analysis, and critical thinking skills for success in representing government clients. The lawyer representing a government client writes from a unique perspective, and must be cognizant of the organization as the client, the lawyer's role as advisor or advocate, and the public interest. Further, the lawyer's written materials are often publicly available, requiring the lawyer to write in a clear and understandable, yet legally thorough, manner. To develop these skills, students will research and draft legal opinions, policies, statutes, ordinances, and resolutions. Prerequisite(s): Legal Analysis, Research & Writing I and II. Satisfies skills requirement. Graded.

Every oil and gas producing state has a "conservation commission" that is charged with preventing "waste" of the oil and gas resource while protecting the "correlative rights" of resource owners. These state agencies regulate all aspects of oil and gas development from drilling to abandoning wells. Conservation commissions also have extensive authority over environmental matters associated with oil and gas development. This course examines the statutes and regulations administered by the Conservation Division of the Kansas Corporation Commission, and the laws and practices that have developed around the Kansas programs. Students will have an opportunity to work directly with the Conservation Division's legal and technical personnel and observe first-hand the Division's operations. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies skills requirement. Credit/No credit.

All phases of oil and gas development are regulated under various state and federal environmental statutes. The state and federal environmental laws that apply to the exploration, production, and marketing phases of the oil and gas industry are studied in a chronological context as operations progress from land acquisition to abandonment. Students will learn to apply the environmental laws to specific activities using a basic compliance model. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

The oil and gas industry is subject to many unique forms of state and federal taxation. Students learn the law governing the various forms of federal and state taxation associated with the exploration, production, and marketing of oil and gas. All forms of taxation will be studied, including income, ad valorem, and various forms of production taxes. Special tax incentive programs are also studied. Basic taxation considerations in routine oil and gas transactions receive special attention. Prerequisite(s): None. Credit/No Credit.

Students focus on an area of special interest by engaging in supervised research and writing to complete a project that expands their knowledge of oil and gas law. Students must propose a project for review and approval by the faculty supervisor and the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs. Prerequisite(s): Oil and Gas Law and Advanced Oil and Gas Law. Credit/No Credit.

This course is designed to engage students in a variety of legal analysis tasks, set in different doctrinal contexts. Students will develop flexibility and confidence in legal problem solving skills by completing assignments that present opportunities to develop proficiency in framing legal issues, applying legal rules to relevant facts, and writing clear and concise responses to objective and persuasive legal questions. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course focuses on the typical form of dispute resolution for large transnational oil and gas projects. The course will be premised upon a single simulation running for the length of one week. The course analyzes (1) core issues for the drafting of arbitration clauses in international petroleum transactions, (2) strategy for appointing the arbitral tribunal, (3) pre-hearing procedure (including document disclosure and interim relief), (4) jurisdictional objections, and (5) how to build a persuasive merits case. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course focuses on the transnational law governing oil and gas companies when doing business abroad. The course addresses (1) applicable law in international petroleum transactions, (2) foreign legal regimes governing petroleum exploration, development and production, (3) the contractual and regulatory environment governing the operations of international petroleum projects, (4) basic principles of international petroleum distribution and sales, and (5) the key distinctions between international petroleum and gas transactions. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This no-credit 1-hour per week class is designed to provide a place where all students in the program come together, as well as where the academic progress of the group can be monitored and evaluated. The students will also be expected to engage with some of the legal concepts they are learning in their LL.M. courses and take a comparative look at these concepts in relation to the law in their home jurisdiction. In addition to exploring the academic side of law in a comparative manner, the course will focus on enhancing the graduate students' research skills and their ability to write academic papers. Prerequisite(s): Available only to students enrolled in the LL.M. program; however, it might be available to international MSL students upon approval of the faculty member. Credit/No Credit.

The structure, methodology, and institutions of the Anglo-American legal system can differ a great deal from the "civil law" and other forms of law such as Sharia Law, found in Europe, South America, the Middle East, and parts of Asia. The course will act as a bridge between the civil law and the studies that the LL.M. students will be doing on common law topics by making students familiar with how a common law legal system works; the central role of "case law," the analysis of cases to determine their actual "holdings," the reach of "precedent" and of "res judicata," as well as the structure of the American court system. This course explores these and other problems, illustrated by cases. Prerequisite(s): Available only 1) to students enrolled in the LL.M. program, or 2) to international students, upon faculty advisor approval, enrolled in the M.S.L. program. Credit/No credit.

Students may obtain educational experience outside of the classroom through externships with federal or state courts. During each enrollment period students will receive a list of the available externships and the specific requirements the student must be willing to meet to be considered for a particular externship. Some externship opportunities may require the student to apply for an available position, and be selected. Although the specific requirements for credit can vary among judicial externship opportunities, all judicial externships require certification of a minimum amount of student time on qualifying externship activities, regular attendance and participation in the judicial externship seminar, satisfactory evaluations from the court, and completion of all written work and evaluations. The judicial seminar will address such topics as judicial process, writing memos for judges, judicial opinion writing, confidentiality, professionalism, and other relevant topics. Guided reflections will be required for this externship. Prerequisite(s): None. Credit/No Credit.

Domestic and international law governing the ownership, regulation, and development of coal and other solid minerals are examined by a faculty that practices mining law globally. The law governing the mining process is studied together with the many contracts used to finance and conduct the exploration, development, and closure of mining projects. The regulation and permitting of mining projects on U.S. and Canadian lands, and under various international mining tenure systems, are also studied. Prerequisite(s): Property and Contracts. Credit/No Credit.

The Jessup International Moot Court Competition requires teams to research, analyze, and write "memorials" (briefs) on complex issues of public international law, and then to make oral submissions before panels of judges representing the International Court of Justice in the Hague. The team consists of six members: four serve as primary advocates and earn 2 credits; one serves as "of counsel" and earns 1 credit; and the sixth is a first-year student who is an observer of the competition, receives no credit, but is automatically one of the primary advocates the following year. Primary advocates are eligible for fulfilling both the upper-level writing requirement and the upper-level oral requirement. Students may participate in the Jessup team a second time in their third year, and are eligible again for 1 or 2 credit hours depending on their role as described above (for a maximum of 4 credit hours if taken twice). For more information see the Jessup webpage. Prerequisite/Co-requisite(s): preference will be given to students who have taken or are in the process of taking Public International Law. Credit/No Credit.

Tax law is used to not only raise revenue for the state, but also as a tool of social and economic policy. Students will examine elements from the tax systems of the United States and several other countries to understand the different ways in which tax provisions are used to accomplish these social and economic goals. This is a policy course, not focused on the Internal Revenue Code, and open to students who have not enrolled in other tax courses. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

Almost every civil case filed today will encounter issues relating to the discovery of electronically stored information ("ESI"). This course will help students understand what ESI is (e.g., e-mails, databases, metadata),what the key issues arising in cases involving ESI are, and the developing trends relating to the resolution of those issues. Students will also gain an understanding of how the federal rules affect ESI issues in litigation, applying relevant standards and tests developed from caselaw and other sources. Prerequisite(s): Civil Procedure I. Graded.

The focus is on two forms of renewable energy: wind and solar. The technical foundations for each resource are followed by a study of the patchwork of federal, state, and local laws that promote or inhibit development of wind and solar resources. After acquiring the technical and legal background, the focus will shift to how the legal and practical realities impact developers when evaluating feasibility and siting of a wind or solar project. After considering the business side of the project, the course focuses on the lawyer's work to make it happen. This includes obtaining wind and solar rights, financing, permits, and sale of the power generated. A major portion of the course addresses how to structure the deal and the documents lawyers must negotiate, draft, and administer to create an operating wind or solar facility. Prerequisite(s): None. Satisfies skills requirement. Credit/No Credit.

This course addresses the application of commercial and bankruptcy law to agriculture. Topics examined include application of UCC Article 2 to contracts, contract formation under the UCC and various UCC requirements as applied to agricultural contracts. Also examined is application of UCC Article 9 to agricultural financing transactions and agricultural liens. The special Chapter 12 rules of farm bankruptcy will be covered, including what it takes to be a "family farmer" eligible for Chapter 12. Income taxation in bankruptcy, the discharge of indebtedness rules, and legislative proposals that could change the application of Chapter 12 to farmers, ranchers, and commercial fishing operations are also examined. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

This course explores the rules governing the use and application of surface and groundwater to agricultural operations. Water rights in general are discussed, as well as the rules involving the recreational use of rivers and streams, the rules governing diffused surface water and underground water. Issues involving watercourses as boundaries are addressed. The legal basis for environmental law, including eminent domain and regulatory takings, are covered. The federal regulation of air, soil and water, and land as it applies to agricultural operations are examined. Environmental laws applicable to plants, wildlife and livestock are covered. Key federal regulations of agricultural businesses are covered, including relevant antitrust laws as applied to agriculture and the regulation of animals and plants, genetically modified organisms, agricultural commodities, and food products. The course concludes with a discussion of federal labor laws and their impact on agricultural operations, the Migrant and Seasonal Worker Protection Act, and restrictions on the foreign ownership of agricultural land. Prerequisite(s): None. Graded.

Civil litigation in the United States often has international features. This course examines some of the array of issues that commonly arise, such as jurisdiction over foreign parties; jurisdiction over foreign subject matter; foreign sovereign immunity; service of process abroad; and extraterritorial discovery. Students not only learn the doctrine about those practical issues but also gain perspective from recognizing how significantly the U.S. system of civil procedure differs from that in other countries. Prerequisite(s): Civil Procedure I; Civil Procedure II (recommended). Satisfies perspectives requirement. Graded.

This Program is designed to allow Washburn law students, who have completed one year of legal studies, to enroll in one semester of international law and comparative law courses offered by the Faculty of Law at Maastricht University, the Netherlands. The purpose of the Program is to expose the Washburn students to the socio-legal environment of the Netherlands and Europe through course work in international and comparative law at a Dutch legal institution. To seek enrollment in the Program, interested students must submit a letter to the Associate Dean for Academic Affairs requesting enrollment by April 1st of the academic year immediately preceding the academic year that the student intends to be enrolled in the Program. No more than 4 students may enroll in the Program in any academic year. See the Study Abroad, Maastricht University web site to learn more about this program. Satisfies perspectives requirement. Credit/No Credit.

The Third Year Anywhere program allows law students to perform fieldwork at placements inside and outside of Kansas for academic credit during their final one or two semesters. Students who participate in this program will reside and gain practical legal experience in the local market where the student seeks to practice after graduation from law school, thereby increasing the students' practice-readiness. (Placements are subject to limitations based on student safety and educational integrity). Student Externs will work under the direct supervision of a local Field Placement Supervising Attorney ("Supervising Attorney"), with oversight from the Faculty Supervisor who is a faculty member at Washburn Law. Students may earn up to two credits of skills instruction per semester through this externship placement. Prerequisite(s): Must enroll in Law Practice Competencies I. Credit/No Credit.

The Third Year Anywhere program allows law students to perform fieldwork at placements inside and outside of Kansas for academic credit during their final one or two semesters. Students who participate in this program will reside and gain practical legal experience in the local market where the student seeks to practice after graduation from law school, thereby increasing the students' practice-readiness. (Placements are subject to limitations based on student safety and educational integrity). Student Externs will work under the direct supervision of a local Field Placement Supervising Attorney ("Supervising Attorney"), with oversight from the Faculty Supervisor who is a faculty member at Washburn Law. Students may earn up to two credits of skills instruction per semester through this externship placement. Prerequisite(s): Must enroll in Law Practice Competencies II. Credit/No Credit.